LMLK Seals from Gibeon
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Note:  Large dot indicates approximate location of Gibeon (el-Jib).  Click here for info about the Great Pool.

General statistics:
  • 25 HBRN
  • 12 MMST
  • 13 SUKE
  • 17 ZYF
  • 07 Generic
  • 18 cannot classify by inscription


  • 76 2-winged
  • 14 4-winged
  • 02 cannot classify by icon


Note--All of these statistics are from firsthand examination of handles & previously unpublished photos displayed below.

Specific statistics: Generic HBRN MMST SUKE ZYF
2-Winged (Rigid & Top-Register) 7 1 0 3 3
2-Winged Divided   18 8 7 12
2-Winged Undivided   2 1 0 0
4-Winged Lapidarist   4 2 3 0
4-Winged Cursory (many; all Type 484s)   0     1
4-Winged Cursory (few; mostly pithoi)     1   1

    G2T

  1. G2T, 3:00, AGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 414; stamp # 151; museum ID# 60-13-116; click for detailed photos):

  2. G2T, 3:00, SGC, P at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (inscription # 918; museum ID# 62-30-1140; click for detailed photos):

  3. G2T, 9:00, AGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 75; stamp # 5; museum ID# 60-13-49; click for detailed photos):

  4. G2T, 9:00, SGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 711; stamp # 506; museum ID# 62-30-1130; click for detailed photos):

  5. G2T, 9:00, SGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 983; stamp # 504; museum ID# 62-30-1507; click for detailed photos):


    6. Note:  This impression also appears in "Winery, Defenses, & Soundings at Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  6. G2T, 9:00, xxx, 2 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 412; stamp # 149; click for details):

  7. G2T, 11:00, SGx, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 453; stamp # 166; museum ID# 60-13-117; click for details):

    8. H2D

  8. H2D, 3:00, SGC, 0 (single Drag mark) at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 459; stamp # 172; museum ID# 60-13-119; click for detailed photos):

  9. H2D, 3:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 498; stamp # 196A; museum ID# 60-13-86; click for detailed photos):

  10. H2D, 3:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 555; stamp # 227; museum ID# 60-13-88; click for detailed photos):

  11. H2D, 3:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 3680; inscription # 311; museum ID# 62-30-1514; click for detailed photos):

  12. H2D, 3:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 457; stamp # 170; museum ID# 60-13-85; click for detailed photos):

  13. H2D, 3:00, SGG, 1 (several Drag marks) at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 411; stamp # 147; museum ID# 60-13-46; click for detailed photos):

  14. H2D, 4:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 123; stamp # 39; museum ID# 60-13-80; click for detailed photos):

  15. H2D, 4:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 118; stamp # 34; museum ID# 60-13-105; click for detailed photos):

  16. H2D, 4:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 397; stamp # 134; museum ID# 60-13-82; click for detailed photos):

  17. H2D, 9:00, AGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 337; stamp # 91; museum ID# 60-13-112; click for detailed photos):

  18. H2D, 9:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 416; stamp # 153; museum ID# 60-13-83; click for detailed photos):

  19. H2D, 9:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 253; stamp # 56; museum ID# 60-13-108; click for detailed photos):

  20. H2D, 9:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 456; stamp # 169; museum ID# 60-13-84; click for detailed photos):

  21. H2D, 9:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 927; stamp # 496; museum ID# 62-30-1503; click for detailed photos):


    22. Note:  This impression also appears in "Winery, Defenses, & Soundings at Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  22. H2D, 9:00, SGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 356; stamp # 104; museum ID# 60-13-47; click for details):

  23. H2D, 10:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 488; stamp # 191; museum ID# 60-13-122; click for details):

  24. H2D, 10:00, xxx, 0 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 563; stamp # 229; click for details):

  25. H2D, 10:00, xxx, 2 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 318; stamp # 88; click for details):

    26. H2T

  26. H2T, 1:00, AGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 145; stamp # 47; inscription # 925; museum ID# 60-13-81; click for detailed photos):


    27. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

    H2U

  27. H2U, 3:00, AGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 530; stamp # 217; museum ID# 60-13-127; click for detailed photos):


    28. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  28. H2U, 9:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 521; stamp # 211; museum ID# 60-13-87; click for details):


    29. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

    H4L

  29. H4L, 6:00, xxx, 0 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 482; stamp # 185; click for details):


    30. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  30. H4L, 12:00, AGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 336; stamp # 90; museum ID# 60-13-75; click for detailed photos):

  31. H4L, 12:00, AGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 491; stamp # 194; museum ID# 60-13-50; click for detailed photos):

  32. H4L, 12:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 455; stamp # 168; museum ID# 60-13-79; click for detailed photos):

    33. M2D

  33. M2D, 3:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 520; stamp # 210; museum ID# 60-13-92; click for detailed photos):

  34. M2D, 3:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 487; stamp # 190; museum ID# 60-13-91; click for detailed photos):


    35. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  35. M2D, 3:00, SGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 522; stamp # 212; museum ID# 60-13-44; click for detailed photos):

  36. M2D, 4:00, AGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 105; stamp # 21; museum ID# 60-13-104; click for detailed photos):

  37. M2D, 4:00, SGx, x at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 106; stamp # 22; museum ID# 60-13-89; click for detailed photos):

  38. M2D, 9:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 995; stamp # 509; museum ID# 62-30-1133; click for detailed photos):

  39. M2D, 10:00, SGx, x at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 486; stamp # 189; museum ID# 60-13-90; click for detailed photos):


    40. Note:  This impression also appears in:
    • "The Ancient Near East in Pictures Relating to the Old Testament (2nd ed. w/ supplement)" by James B. Pritchard
    • "The Ancient Near East vol. 2" by James B. Pritchard
    • "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  40. M2D, 10:00, xxx, 2 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 499; stamp # 197; click for detailed photos):


    41. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

    M2U

  41. M2U, 2:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 294; stamp # 74; museum ID# 60-13-111; click for detailed photos):

    42. M4C

  42. M4C, 12:00, PPP, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 523; stamp # 213; museum ID# 60-13-74; click for detailed photos):


    43. Note:  This impression also appears in:
    • "The Ancient Near East" by James B. Pritchard
    • "Eretz-Israel vol. 15" by Andre Lemaire
    • "Gibeon, Where the Sun Stood Still" by James B. Pritchard
    • "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

    M4L

  43. M4L, 12:00, WPP, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 542; stamp # 224; museum ID# 60-13-78; click for detailed photos):


    44. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  44. M4L, 12:00, xxx, 0 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 335; stamp # 89; click for details):

    45. S2DR

  45. S2DR, 4:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 541; stamp # 223; museum ID# 60-13-97; click for detailed photos):

  46. S2DR, 9:00, AGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 146; stamp # 48; museum ID# 60-13-93; click for detailed photos):


    47. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  47. S2DR, 9:00, xxx, 0 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 532; stamp # 219; click for details):

    48. S2DW

  48. S2DW, 3:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 485; stamp # 188; museum ID# 60-13-96; click for detailed photos):


    49. Note:  This impression also appears in:
    • "The Ancient Near East in Pictures Relating to the Old Testament (2nd ed. w/ supplement)" by James B. Pritchard
    • "The Ancient Near East vol. 2" by James B. Pritchard
    • "Eretz-Israel vol. 15" by Andre Lemaire
    • "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  49. S2DW, 3:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 216; stamp # 51; museum ID# 60-13-107; click for detailed photos):

  50. S2DW, 6:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 293; stamp # 73; museum ID# 60-13-94; click for detailed photos):

  51. S2DW, 9:00, AGx, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 409; stamp # 145; museum ID# 60-13-48; click for detailed photos):


    52. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  52. S2DW, 9:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 454; stamp # 167; museum ID# 60-13-95; click for detailed photos):

  53. S2DW, 9:00, SGC, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 415; stamp # 152; museum ID# 60-13-56; click for detailed photos):

  54. S2DW, 10:00, SGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 417; stamp # 154; museum ID# 60-13-54; click for detailed photos):

    55. S4L

  55. S4L, 6:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 509; stamp # 203; museum ID# 60-13-77; click for detailed photos):

  56. S4L, 6:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 1128; stamp # 515; museum ID# 62-30-1134; click for detailed photos):


    57. Note:  This impression also appears in "Winery, Defenses, & Soundings at Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  57. S4L, 12:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 353; stamp # 101; museum ID# 60-13-76; click for detailed photos):

    58. x2x

  58. x2x, 3:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 502; stamp # 200; museum ID# 60-13-124; click for detailed photos):

  59. x2x, 4:00, SGC, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 269; stamp # 61; museum ID# 60-13-52; click for detailed photos):

  60. x2x, 9:00, AGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 267; stamp # 59; museum ID# 60-13-109; click for detailed photos):


    61. Note:  Probably an H2D; possibly a Z2D; several random-but-distinct pre-fire marks

  61. x2x, 9:00, AGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 413; stamp # 150; museum ID# 60-13-115; click for detailed photos):


    62. Note:  Possibly a G2T, M2T, or unique S2x seal; compare to Nasbeh stamp AB16x, I, X67

  62. x2x, 9:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 124; stamp # 40; museum ID# 60-13-106; click for detailed photos):


    63. Note:  Probably an H2D; possibly an M2D or M2U; two diagonal incised lines do not appear to be deliberate like Drag marks

  63. x2x, 9:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 369; stamp # 118; museum ID# 60-13-114; click for detailed photos):


    64. Note:  Probably an H2D; possibly an M2U

  64. x2x, 9:00, SGx, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 508; stamp # 202; museum ID# 60-13-125; click for detailed photos):


    65. Note:  Probably a Z2D but wet-smoothing lines may be distorting another inscription

  65. x2x, 9:00, xxx, 0 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 368; stamp # 117; click for details):

  66. x2x, 10:00, AGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 3121; inscription # 300; museum ID# 62-30-1509; click for detailed photos):


    67. Note:  Probably a Z2D; possibly an M2U

  67. x2x, 10:00, AGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 458; stamp # 171; museum ID# 60-13-118; click for detailed photos):

  68. x2x, 10:00, AGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 398; stamp # 135; museum ID# 60-13-53; click for detailed photos):


    69. Note:  Probably an H2D; possibly a Z2D

  69. x2x, x:00, AGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 484; stamp # 187; museum ID# 60-13-121; click for detailed photos):


    70. Note:  Two deep impressions were made; one was at a 4:00 orientation but the other one was probably 2:00 or possibly 8:00

  70. x2x, x:00, AGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 120; stamp # 36; museum ID# 60-13-61; click for detailed photos):

  71. x2x, x:00, SGC, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 357; stamp # 105; museum ID# 60-13-43; click for detailed photos):


    72. Note:  Combination of 2 photos with alternate lighting effects

    x4C

  72. x4C, 11:00, PPP, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 1451; stamp # 519; museum ID# 62-30-1138; click for detailed photos):


    73. Note:  Probably a Z4CY; possibly an M4C

    x4L

  73. x4L, 6:00, AGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 825; stamp # 489; museum ID# 62-30-1499; click for detailed photos):


    74. Note:  Two problems--wet clay & bottom twist--make it difficult to identify; probably an M4L; possibly a Z4L

    xxx

  74. xxx, x:00, AGC, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 418; stamp # 155; museum ID# 60-13-57; click for detailed photos):


    75. Note:  Probably an x2x; possibly an x4x

  75. xxx, x:00, SGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 354; stamp # 102; museum ID# 60-13-45; click for detailed photos):


    76. Note:  Probably an x4x; possibly an x2x

    Z2D

  76. Z2D, 3:00, AGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 685; stamp # 480; museum ID# 62-30-1493; click for detailed photos):

  77. Z2D, 3:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 480; stamp # 183; museum ID# 60-13-99; click for detailed photos):


    78. Note:  This impression also appears in:
    • "The Ancient Near East in Pictures Relating to the Old Testament (2nd ed. w/ supplement)" by James B. Pritchard
    • "The Ancient Near East" by James B. Pritchard
    • "Gibeon, Where the Sun Stood Still" by James B. Pritchard
    • "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  78. Z2D, 3:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 507; stamp # 201; museum ID# 60-13-101; click for detailed photos):

  79. Z2D, 3:00, SGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 540; stamp # 222; museum ID# 60-13-102; click for detailed photos):

  80. Z2D, 3:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 514; stamp # 205; museum ID# 60-13-126; click for detailed photos):

  81. Z2D, 3:00, SGG, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 490; stamp # 193; museum ID# 60-13-55; click for detailed photos):


    82. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  82. Z2D, 3:00, xxx, 0 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 531; stamp # 218; click for details):

  83. Z2D, 9:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 489; stamp # 192; museum ID# 60-13-100; click for detailed photos):


    84. Note:  Deliberately drilled hole in the center of the icon

  84. Z2D, 9:00, SGx, 2 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 500; stamp # 198; museum ID# 60-13-51; click for detailed photos):


    85. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

  85. Z2D, 10:00, AGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 268; stamp # 60; museum ID# 60-13-110; click for detailed photos):

  86. Z2D, 10:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 355; stamp # 103; museum ID# 60-13-113; click for detailed photos):

  87. Z2D, 10:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 367; stamp # 116; museum ID# 60-13-98; click for detailed photos):

    88. Z2T

  88. Z2T, 3:00, AGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 501; stamp # 199; museum ID# 60-13-123; click for detailed photos):

  89. Z2T, 3:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 79; stamp # 9; museum ID# 60-13-103; click for detailed photos):

  90. Z2T, 9:00, AGC, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 481; stamp # 184; museum ID# 60-13-120; click for detailed photos):

    91. Z4CI

  91. Z4CI, 1:00, SGG, 0 at the University of Pennsylvania Museum (field # 483; stamp # 186; museum ID# 60-13-73; click for detailed photos):


    92. Note:  This impression also appears in "Hebrew Inscriptions and Stamps from Gibeon" by James B. Pritchard

    Z4CY

  92. Z4CY, 12:00, PPP, 0 from the University of Pennsylvania Museum Photo Archives (field # 515; stamp # 206; click for details):

Then Joshua spoke to the LORD . . . & he said in the sight of Israel:  "Sun, stand still over Gibeon . . ."--Joshua 10:12
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 This page was created on January 25, 2003, & last updated on June 6, 2004